Growth and structures of Carbon Nanotubes
Sumio Iijima
Last year, our group at AIST has developed super-growth CNTs (1) that grow as
high as 3mm under highly controlled CVD method and also are available in a
pattered form on a substrate. The growth mechanism has been discussed in a
quantitative way (2). Regarding the SG nanotubes some of new developments will
be presented. Another effort going on in our group is structural
characterization of SWCNTs and their modifications using modern electron
microscope techniques, e.g., HRTEM and STEM equipped with electron energy loss
spectroscopy. We have reported already chiral determination of single or double
walled CNTs by analyzing TEM images as well as electron diffraction patterns.
Our specialty is to use dynamic observation at the atomic level resolution, that
is, individual carbon atoms and their vacancies on a single graphene sheet that
are generated by electron beam irradiation are visualized in video pictures (3).
Their stability will be discussed in terms of temperature (4). One of problems
with double-wall CNTs is to know chirality for the inner tube including
handedness of which determination has been attempted. Other topics include
structure determination of endohedral metalofullerenes and ion transport through
SWCNTs.
(1) D. Futaba et al., Science 306, 1362-1364 (2004).
(2) D. Futaba et al., PRL (2005) in press.
(3) A. Hashimoto, et al., Nature, 430, 870-873 (2004).
(4) K. Urita, et al., PRL, 94, 155502(2005).
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